4.0. INTERNAL ORGANISATION OF CHECK-LIST

4.1.Signs and abbreviations in the check-list

The following abbreviations are used in the check-list:

excl.- exclusive
incl.- inclusive
s.l.- sensu lato
s.s.- sensu stricto
subsp.- subspecies
ssp.div.- subspecies diversae
nom.ambig.- nomen ambiguum
nom.nud. - nomen nudum
non al. - non aliorum (auctorum)
p.p. - pro parte
sec. - secundum
s.n.- sine numero (no number in the collection?)
agg.- aggregate (see 3.5)
+- small species in aggregate (see 3.5)
- in the check-list appendix with additional bibliography (see 3.2)
Ex,E,V, R,I,K,O,nt- endangered species sign according to IUCN categorisation (see 4.1.1)
!- lat. "vidi" - author saw holotypus, lektotypus or neotypus
* - polymorphous taxa
cult.- cultivated taxa (see 3.7 B)
nat.- naturalised taxa (see 3.7 A)
?- dubiosus, dubious taxonomic status or controversial occurrence in Croatia
Z- taxa protected by the Legislature on the Protection of Nature in the Republic of Croatia
- endemic taxa (see 4.1.2)

Most of the abbreviations are common in the botanical bibliography and do not require special explications.

4.1.1. The endangered species marking according to IUCN categorisation

The Check-list includes the endangered species markings according to the IUCN Conservation Monitoring Centre (1983). The basic categories are:

Ex-extinct taxa;
? Ex-probably extinct taxa;
E-endangered taxa, taxa that are in danger of extinction and that have no chances of survival in case the causative factors continue their activities in the stand. This category includes the taxa whose number of species have been reduced to a critical level or those whose stands have drastically been reduced so that it is believed that they are in immediate danger of extinction;
V-vulnerable taxa, taxa that are likely to enter the E category in the near future if the causative factors continue their effect;
R-rare taxa, taxa with small populations that are neither E nor V but fall into the risk groups. They are usually localised within a limited geographic area or stand or are spread out across a wider area;
I-undetermined taxa, considered as Ex, E, V or R but the information for accurate determination of the endangeredness category is lacking;
K-insufficiently known taxa, suspected taxa but not exactly identified as belonging to one of the above stated groups due to the lack of information;
O-taxa previously included into one of the above categories but are considered to be relatively safe at the moment due to the undertaken protection measures;
nt-endemic plants that are neither rare nor endangered.

The check-list features the endangerment signs with the appropriate taxa on the basis of two sources: the List of rare, endangered and endemic plants in Europe (IUCN, 1983) and the Red Book of Plant Species of the Republic of Croatia (SUGAR, 1994). If the status of a species differs on the national and regional level, both IUCN degrees are given - the first one showing the national level (Croatia), and the second one the regional level (Europe). (e.g. Botrychium matricariifolium (Retz.) A.Br. ex Koch, ER).

4.1.2. Endemic species

A number of endemic species of Croatia are not included into the lists of the rare, endangered and endemic plants. The full evaluation and estimate of their status is yet to be completed. They are only listed with the pertinent marking O (chapter 4.1.). The degree of endangerment has not been given for such taxa.

The particular taxa are considered to be endemic if their geographic distribution is:

a/ only on the territory of Croatia (e.g. Asplenium hybridum (Milde) Bange, JALAS et SUOMINEN, 1972);
b/ mostly in Croatia with a small part of the areal outside Croatia in one or more neighbouring countries (e.g. Helleborus atrorubens Waldst. et Kit., JALAS et SUOMINEN, 1989);
c/in one or several neighbouring countries and with a smaller part of the areal in Croatia (e.g. Adonis flammea subsp. cortiana C. Steinb., JALAS et SUOMINEN, 1989).

The taxa whose greater part or almost entire areal is located in most neighbouring countries and appear in Croatia only in the form of the disjunction areal or only in their areal fringes are not considered as endemic in Croatia (e.g. Ranunculus cassubicus L., JALAS et SUOMINEN, 1989). The status of such taxa in the specific cases is: a rare species on the national level (e.g. Paeonia mascula (L.) Miller, SUGAR 1994).

4.2. Organisation of the Check-list

The Check list is published successively according to a systematic sequence. The classification system above all levels of the family was infered from CRONQUIST (1981), TAKHTAJAN (1969, 1980), DAHLGREEN (1980, 1983), DAHLGREEN et CLIFFORD (1982) and HOLMES (1989). The families within a class, genera within a family, species within a genus and subspecies within a species were classified according to an alphabetic order. The comprehensive Check-list contains the alphabetic contents of the species and their Croatian names.

4.3. Taxa coding

In addition to the standard data necessary for the Check-list and in order to build a floristic data base, supplements of the unified code for the genera, species and subspecies according to one of the already existing algorhythm (EHRENDORFER 1973, PIGNATTI 1976, 1980, GREUTER et al. 1984, BOTANICAL GARDENS CONSERVATION SECRETARIAT 1987, KÖNIG 1988, BUTTLER et PAEGER 1990, WIßKIRCHEN 1994) or a new one have been provided.

4.4. Taxa treatment pattern

The basic pattern for treatment of every taxa is mostly correspondent with the extended pattern applied by EHRENDORFER (1973), and consists of the following data:

name of genus/ author of genus/ Croatian name of genus
name of species/ author of species/ first publication reference
synonym 1 -n/ author of synonym/
Croatian name of species

+ signs and abbreviations

For example:

Helleborus L. - kukurijek

atrorubens Waldst. et Kit., Descr. et Icon.Pl. rar. Hung. 2:301 (1812)
(= H. dumetorum subsp. atrorubens (Waldst. et Kit.) Merxm. et Podl.)
tamnocrveni kukurijek

Only in the cases of taxa that are significant for Croatia (first described in Croatia or other significant taxa) the above pattern is extended:

name of genus/ author of genus/ Croatian name of genus
name of species/ author of species/ first publication reference
typus/ type collected by/ number of typus in the collection/
herbarium abbbreviation with the holotypus, i.e. isotypus
synonym 1 -n/ author of synonym/
Croatian name of species

+ signs and abbreviations

For example:

Helleborus L. - kukurijek

TYPUS: Banija, Moslavina i Slavonia, Hrvatska: Martinis Z., s.n.
HOLOTYPUS: ZA! ISOTYPUS: ZA!
(= H. purpurascens Schlosser non Waldst. et Kit.)
hrvatski kukurijek

4.5. Croatian names

The Check-list supplies the Croatian names for each taxa on the level of genera, species and subspecies. Since the same taxa may have several different popular names (e.g. Juniperus phoenicea L. is named "primorska somina", "gluhac", "gluhacusa"), instead of enumerating them all an attempt to give a unique name was made - the main basis being the very popular names. As for the taxa that do not have a popular name, they were given a new one based on their Latin name, its widespreadness, stand or a major diagnostic characteristics. All Croatian names have been compared with DOMAC (1994) to the greatest possible extent.

Flora Hrvatske